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thc ligand  (MultiTarget Pharmaceuticals)

 
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    Structured Review

    MultiTarget Pharmaceuticals thc ligand
    Co-administration of Tetrahydrocannabinol <t>(THC)</t> <t>and</t> <t>GABA</t> A receptor antagonist pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) affects the THC-induced behavioral stereotypy in adult zebrafish. ( A ) At 1.5 mM PTZ with 1 μM THC the THC-induced Repetition Index (RI), calculated as a mean ± SEM, was not statistically different from the controls (EtOH) (ns p = 0.1578). ( B ) 1.5 mM PTZ and 1 mM PTZ with 1 μM THC caused significant increases in swimming velocity compared to controls (EtOH) (* p < 0.05). Controls EtOH (0.0015%) (n = 19), 1 μM THC (n = 23), 1.5 mM PTZ (n = 12), 0.2 mM PTZ + 1 μM THC (n = 6), 1 mM PTZ + 1 μM THC (n = 5), 1.5 mM PTZ + 1 μM THC (n = 12) and 2 mM PTZ + 1 μM THC (n = 6). Mean RI values of 0.2 mM PTZ (n = 6) and 2 mM PTZ (n = 6), were similar to 1.5 mM PTZ. Values without a letter in common are statistically different to the control condition ( p < 0.05, Kruskal–Wallis and Dunn's multiple comparisons test).
    Thc Ligand, supplied by MultiTarget Pharmaceuticals, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/result/thc ligand/product/MultiTarget Pharmaceuticals
    Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    thc ligand - by Bioz Stars, 2026-06
    90/100 stars

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    1) Product Images from "THC-induced behavioral stereotypy in zebrafish as a model of psychosis-like behavior"

    Article Title: THC-induced behavioral stereotypy in zebrafish as a model of psychosis-like behavior

    Journal: Scientific Reports

    doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-95016-4

    Co-administration of Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and GABA A receptor antagonist pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) affects the THC-induced behavioral stereotypy in adult zebrafish. ( A ) At 1.5 mM PTZ with 1 μM THC the THC-induced Repetition Index (RI), calculated as a mean ± SEM, was not statistically different from the controls (EtOH) (ns p = 0.1578). ( B ) 1.5 mM PTZ and 1 mM PTZ with 1 μM THC caused significant increases in swimming velocity compared to controls (EtOH) (* p < 0.05). Controls EtOH (0.0015%) (n = 19), 1 μM THC (n = 23), 1.5 mM PTZ (n = 12), 0.2 mM PTZ + 1 μM THC (n = 6), 1 mM PTZ + 1 μM THC (n = 5), 1.5 mM PTZ + 1 μM THC (n = 12) and 2 mM PTZ + 1 μM THC (n = 6). Mean RI values of 0.2 mM PTZ (n = 6) and 2 mM PTZ (n = 6), were similar to 1.5 mM PTZ. Values without a letter in common are statistically different to the control condition ( p < 0.05, Kruskal–Wallis and Dunn's multiple comparisons test).
    Figure Legend Snippet: Co-administration of Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and GABA A receptor antagonist pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) affects the THC-induced behavioral stereotypy in adult zebrafish. ( A ) At 1.5 mM PTZ with 1 μM THC the THC-induced Repetition Index (RI), calculated as a mean ± SEM, was not statistically different from the controls (EtOH) (ns p = 0.1578). ( B ) 1.5 mM PTZ and 1 mM PTZ with 1 μM THC caused significant increases in swimming velocity compared to controls (EtOH) (* p < 0.05). Controls EtOH (0.0015%) (n = 19), 1 μM THC (n = 23), 1.5 mM PTZ (n = 12), 0.2 mM PTZ + 1 μM THC (n = 6), 1 mM PTZ + 1 μM THC (n = 5), 1.5 mM PTZ + 1 μM THC (n = 12) and 2 mM PTZ + 1 μM THC (n = 6). Mean RI values of 0.2 mM PTZ (n = 6) and 2 mM PTZ (n = 6), were similar to 1.5 mM PTZ. Values without a letter in common are statistically different to the control condition ( p < 0.05, Kruskal–Wallis and Dunn's multiple comparisons test).

    Techniques Used: Control

    Potential mechanisms underlying the associations between Cannabis consumption and risks of psychosis/schizophrenia-like symptoms, with the current study’s pharmacological approaches. Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) reduces N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) release via NMDA receptor antagonism. THC also inhibits γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) release from interneurons in the prefrontal cortex, potentiating dopamine release. Both NMDA receptor hypoactivity and heightened dopaminergic signaling are hallmarks of schizophrenia. Pentylenetetrazol (PTZ).
    Figure Legend Snippet: Potential mechanisms underlying the associations between Cannabis consumption and risks of psychosis/schizophrenia-like symptoms, with the current study’s pharmacological approaches. Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) reduces N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) release via NMDA receptor antagonism. THC also inhibits γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) release from interneurons in the prefrontal cortex, potentiating dopamine release. Both NMDA receptor hypoactivity and heightened dopaminergic signaling are hallmarks of schizophrenia. Pentylenetetrazol (PTZ).

    Techniques Used: Cannabis



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    Image Search Results


    Co-administration of Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and GABA A receptor antagonist pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) affects the THC-induced behavioral stereotypy in adult zebrafish. ( A ) At 1.5 mM PTZ with 1 μM THC the THC-induced Repetition Index (RI), calculated as a mean ± SEM, was not statistically different from the controls (EtOH) (ns p = 0.1578). ( B ) 1.5 mM PTZ and 1 mM PTZ with 1 μM THC caused significant increases in swimming velocity compared to controls (EtOH) (* p < 0.05). Controls EtOH (0.0015%) (n = 19), 1 μM THC (n = 23), 1.5 mM PTZ (n = 12), 0.2 mM PTZ + 1 μM THC (n = 6), 1 mM PTZ + 1 μM THC (n = 5), 1.5 mM PTZ + 1 μM THC (n = 12) and 2 mM PTZ + 1 μM THC (n = 6). Mean RI values of 0.2 mM PTZ (n = 6) and 2 mM PTZ (n = 6), were similar to 1.5 mM PTZ. Values without a letter in common are statistically different to the control condition ( p < 0.05, Kruskal–Wallis and Dunn's multiple comparisons test).

    Journal: Scientific Reports

    Article Title: THC-induced behavioral stereotypy in zebrafish as a model of psychosis-like behavior

    doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-95016-4

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Co-administration of Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and GABA A receptor antagonist pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) affects the THC-induced behavioral stereotypy in adult zebrafish. ( A ) At 1.5 mM PTZ with 1 μM THC the THC-induced Repetition Index (RI), calculated as a mean ± SEM, was not statistically different from the controls (EtOH) (ns p = 0.1578). ( B ) 1.5 mM PTZ and 1 mM PTZ with 1 μM THC caused significant increases in swimming velocity compared to controls (EtOH) (* p < 0.05). Controls EtOH (0.0015%) (n = 19), 1 μM THC (n = 23), 1.5 mM PTZ (n = 12), 0.2 mM PTZ + 1 μM THC (n = 6), 1 mM PTZ + 1 μM THC (n = 5), 1.5 mM PTZ + 1 μM THC (n = 12) and 2 mM PTZ + 1 μM THC (n = 6). Mean RI values of 0.2 mM PTZ (n = 6) and 2 mM PTZ (n = 6), were similar to 1.5 mM PTZ. Values without a letter in common are statistically different to the control condition ( p < 0.05, Kruskal–Wallis and Dunn's multiple comparisons test).

    Article Snippet: Despite the multitude of CB 1 R pathways for THC to exert its effects on glutamate, GABA and downstream DA signaling, reports of THC as a multitarget ligand may better explain the non-CB 1 R mediated THC behavioral stereotypy .

    Techniques: Control

    Potential mechanisms underlying the associations between Cannabis consumption and risks of psychosis/schizophrenia-like symptoms, with the current study’s pharmacological approaches. Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) reduces N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) release via NMDA receptor antagonism. THC also inhibits γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) release from interneurons in the prefrontal cortex, potentiating dopamine release. Both NMDA receptor hypoactivity and heightened dopaminergic signaling are hallmarks of schizophrenia. Pentylenetetrazol (PTZ).

    Journal: Scientific Reports

    Article Title: THC-induced behavioral stereotypy in zebrafish as a model of psychosis-like behavior

    doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-95016-4

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Potential mechanisms underlying the associations between Cannabis consumption and risks of psychosis/schizophrenia-like symptoms, with the current study’s pharmacological approaches. Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) reduces N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) release via NMDA receptor antagonism. THC also inhibits γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) release from interneurons in the prefrontal cortex, potentiating dopamine release. Both NMDA receptor hypoactivity and heightened dopaminergic signaling are hallmarks of schizophrenia. Pentylenetetrazol (PTZ).

    Article Snippet: Despite the multitude of CB 1 R pathways for THC to exert its effects on glutamate, GABA and downstream DA signaling, reports of THC as a multitarget ligand may better explain the non-CB 1 R mediated THC behavioral stereotypy .

    Techniques: Cannabis